[1]
نَفُسَ , aor.
نَفُسَ , inf. n. نَفَاسَةٌ (S, M, A, Msb,
K) and نِفَاسٌ and نَفسٌ (K) and نُفُوسٌ; (TA;)
and ↓ أَنْفَسَ, (M, A, Msb,) inf. n. إِنْفَاسٌ; (A,
Msb;) It was, or became, high in estimation, of
high account, or excellent; (M, Msb, TA;) [highly
prized; precious, or valuable;] and therefore,
(TA,) was desired with emulation, or in much
request: (S, K, TA:) and the ↓ latter verb, said
of property, it was, or became, loved, and highly
esteemed. (TA.) ＝
1-A2- نَفِسَ بِهِ, (S, M, Msb, K,)
aor.
نَفَسَ , (K,) inf. n. نَفَسٌ (M) [and app. نَفْسٌ as
will be shown below] and نَفَاسَةٌ and نَفَاسِيَةٌ, which
last is extr., (M, TA,) He was, or became
avaricious, tenacious, or niggardly, of it, (S, M,
Msb, K,) because of its being in high estimation,
or excellent. (Msb.) Hence the saying in the
Kur, [xlvii. 40,] فَإِنَّمَا يَبْخَلُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ [app.
meaning He is only avaricious from his avarice.]
(TA.) You say, نَفِسَ عَلَيْهِ بِالشَّىْءِ, (M,) or عَنْهُ
[in the place of عليه], (TA,) He was, or became,
avaricious, &c., of the thing, towards him, or
withholding it from him. (M, TA.) And نَفِسَ
عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, M, K, TA,) and بِالشَّىْءِ, (M,)
inf. n. نَفَاسَةٌ. (S, K, TA,) He was, or became,
avaricious, &c., of the thing, towards him, and
thought him not worthy of it, and was not pleased
at its coming to him: (TA:) or [simply] he
thought him not worthy of it: (S, M, K;) as
also نافسهُ ↓ فِيهِ; of which last verb we have an
ex. in the phrase تُنَافِسُ دُنْيَا, used by a poet in
speaking of the tribe of Kureysh, meaning either
تُنَافِسُ فِى دُنْبَا [they think others not worthy of
worldly good]. or تُنَافسُ أَهْلَ دُنْيَا [they think
the possessors of worldly good unworthy thereof].
(M.) [See also 3, below.] You say also, نَفِسْتَ
عَلَىَّ بِخَيْرٍ, (A, K,) or بِخَيْرٍ قَلِيل, (S,) and نَفِسْتَ
عَلَىَّ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا, (A,) inf. n. نَفْسٌ and نَفَاسَةٌ, (A,)
Thou enviedst me (S, A, K) good, (A, K,) or a
little good, (S,) and much good, (A.) and didst
not consider me worthy of it. (A.) And فُلَانٌ
مَا يَتَنَغَّسُ عَلَيْنَا الغَنِيمَةَ وَالظَّفَرَ [app. meaning Such
a one does not envy us the spoil and the victory.]
(A, in continuation of what here immediately
precedes.) And مَا هٰذَا النَّفَسُ What is this
envying? (A, TA.) ＝
1-A3- نُفِسَتْ; (S, M, A, Msb,
K;) and نَفِسَتْ, (S, M, Msb, K,) as some of the
Arabs say, (Msb.) aor. ??, (Msb, K:) inf. n.
نِفَاسٌ and نِفَاسةٌ (S, M) and نَفَسٌ, (M, TA,) or
the first of these ns. is a simple subst.; (Msb;)
(tropical:) She (a woman) brought forth; (S, M, K;) and
نُفِسَتْ وَلَدًا [she brought forth a child]: (Th, M:)
and نُفِسَتْ بِوَلَدِهَا [she brought forth her child].
(A.) You say also, وَرِث فُلَانٌ هٰذَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْفَسَ
فُلَانٌ, meaning, Such a one inherited this before
such a one was born. (S.) ―
2-b2- Also, both these
verbs, (Msb, K,) or the latter, نَفِسَتْ, only, (Az,
Mgh, TA,) or the latter is the more common,
(K.) the former, which is related on the authority
of As, not being well known, (Msb,) (tropical:) She (a
woman) menstruated. (Az, Mgh, Msb, K.) [In
the CK, a confusion is made by the omission of a
و before the verb which explains this last signification.] This signification and that next preceding
it are from نَفْسٌ meaning “ blood. ” (Mgh.) ＝
1-A4-
نَفَسْتُهُ بِنَفْسِ (tropical:) I smote him with an [evil or envious]
eye. (S, K, TA.)